Data Collection MethodsOnce you have a purpose, a question, and a design in mind, you will be in a good position to determine the best methods for obtaining a sample and collecting data.Some of the v

Data Collection Methods

Once you have a purpose, a question, and a design in mind, you will be in a good position to determine the best methods for obtaining a sample and collecting data.

Some of the various sampling and data collection methods, as covered in this week’s readings, can be used across different research designs—quantitative, qualitative, or mixed. Again, as in previous weeks, the important consideration is to ensure that there is alignment among the various components of a research study, including its purpose, research questions, design, sample, and methods.

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As you consider sampling strategies and methods for collecting data, you might visit Walden University’s Participant Pool to view the descriptions of research studies currently available for participation. You will likely notice a variety of sampling methods reflected in participant eligibility criteria and various data collection methods being used by student and faculty researchers in the Walden community.

This week, you will evaluate the strengths and limitations of sampling methods and data collection methods, and you will consider their ethical implications. You will also develop an annotated bibliography of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research articles.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

· Defend sampling methods

· Explain strengths and limitations of data collection methods

· Apply strategies for addressing ethical issues in data collection

· Develop an annotated bibliography

· Apply APA Style to writing

Photo Credit: [Andrew Brookes]/[Cultura]/Getty Images

Learning Resources

Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.

Required Readings

Teddlie, C., & Yu, F. (2007). Mixed methods sampling: A typology with examples. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 77–100. doi: 10.1177/2345678906292430

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Collins, K. M. (2007). A typology of mixed methods sampling designs in social science research. The Qualitative Report, 12(2), 281–316. Retrieved from http://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol12/iss2/9

“A Typology of Mixed Methods Sampling Designs in Social …

nsuworks.nova.edu

This paper provides a framework for developing sampling designs in mixed methods research. First, we present sampling schemes that have been associated with …

Drost, E. A. (2011). Validity and reliability in social science research. Education Research and Perspectives, 38(1), 105–124.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Walden University: Center for Research Quality. (2015a). Data resources & support: Home. Retrieved from http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/researchcenter/dataresources

Download the “Sources of Data for Research: A Research Primer” document.

Academic Guides: Data Resources & Support: Home

academicguides.waldenu.edu

Academic Guides: Data Resources & Support: Home

Walden University: Center for Research Quality. (2015d). Research resources: Walden University participant pool. Retrieved from http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/researchcenter/resources/participantpool

Walden University. (2015a). How do I find an article that reports on research that uses a specific methodology? Retrieved from http://academicanswers.waldenu.edu/faq/72633

Walden University: Writing Center. (2015). Common course assignments: Annotated bibliographies. Retrieved from http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/assignments/annotatedbibliographies

Required Media

Price, S. (2015). Annotated bibliographies [Online webinar]. Retrieved from https://waldencss.adobeconnect.com/p7d6uqxv8g3?launcher=false

PART A ASSIGN- USE REFERENCES ABOVE

Discussion: Sampling and Collecting Quantitative and Qualitative Data

It is often not possible or practical to study an entire population, so researchers draw samples from which they make inferences about a population of interest. In quantitative research, where generalization to a population is typically valued, a researcher’s ability to make such inferences is only as good as the sampling strategy she or he uses to obtain the sample. Once an appropriate sample has been obtained, data collection should involve valid and reliable measures to ensure confidence in the results, as well as the ability to generalize the research outcomes. Although generalization is typically not a goal in qualitative research, sampling is just as important in qualitative and mixed methods research, as is obtaining reliable and valid results. Indeed, for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research, sampling strategies and accurate data collection methods are critical aspects of the research process.

Specific methods of data collection (e.g., surveys, interviews, observations) produce specific types of data that will answer particular research questions, but not others; so here too, as covered in previous weeks, the research questions inform how the data will be obtained. Furthermore, the method used to collect the data may impact the reliability and the validity of that data.

For this Discussion, you will first consider sampling strategies. Then, you will turn your attention to data collection methods, including their strengths, limitations, and ethical implications. Last, you will consider measurement reliability and validity in the context of your discipline.

With these thoughts in mind, if your last name starts with A through L, use Position A. If your last name starts with M through Z, use Position B.

Position A: Probability sampling represents the best strategy for selecting research participants.

Position B: Nonprobability (or purposive) sampling represents the best strategy for selecting research participants.

Post a restatement of your assigned position on sampling strategies.

Defend your position with examples and support from the scholarly literature.

Next, select a data collection method and briefly explain its strengths and limitations.

Then, identify a potential ethical issue with this method and describe a strategy to address it.

Last, explain the relationship between measurement reliability and measurement validity using an example from your discipline.

Be sure to support your Main Issue Post and Response Post with reference to the week’s Learning Resources and other scholarly evidence in APA Style.

PART B

Assignment: Annotated Bibliography

Submit: Annotated Bibliography

This week, you will submit the annotated bibliography introduced in Week 3.

An annotated bibliography is a document containing selected sources accompanied by a respective annotation. Each annotation consists of a summary, analysis, and application for the purpose of conveying the relevance and value of the selected source. As such, annotations demonstrate a writer’s critical thinking about and authority on the topic represented in the sources.

In preparation for your own future research, an annotated bibliography provides a background for understanding a portion of the existing literature on a particular topic. It is also a useful precursor for gathering sources in preparation for writing a subsequent literature review.

· Locate six articles on a research topic of your interest—two quantitative research articles, two qualitative research articles, and two mixed methods research articles—published in peer-reviewed journals.

· Prepare an annotated bibliography that includes the following:

o A one-paragraph introduction that provides context for why you selected the research articles you did.

o A reference list entry in APA Style for each of the six articles that follows proper formatting. Follow each reference list entry with a three-paragraph annotation that includes:

§ A summary

§ An analysis

§ An application as illustrated in this example

o A one-paragraph conclusion that presents a synthesis of the six articles.

· Format your annotated bibliography in Times New Roman, 12-point font, double-spaced. A separate References list page is not needed for this assignment.

Submit your Annotated Bibliography.

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