I need two simple responses to 2 of my classmates’ answers, and answer one question.

I need two simple responses to 2 of my classmates’ answers, and answer one question.

please remember that – simple responses without advance vocabulary ( international students).

– less than half page each response.

– I need them with references.

(Define Triage from the healthcare facility perspective. Relate this to the concepts of Surge Capacity and Capability vs. altered standards of care.) you do not need to answer this. This is just to explain.

—the question is ( what is the difference between surge capacity and surge capability??). this is my question.

—Here, I need two simple responses to 2 of my classmates’ answers.

just to identifying, this was their question (Define Triage. Compare and contrast the purpose and scope of “Triage” methods on the scene (MASS, SALT, Transport priority and destination facility).)

first one’s answer:

START Triage

START triage is used as scene management system. It’s very effective for mass casualty incidents. Like many aspects of emergency prehospital management, you don’t get much warning. Learning how to use the triage system is very efficient in a mass casualty incident. It is very useful to use when making decisions to transport patients. Immediate victims (red), followed by delayed victims (yellow), followed by the walking wounded victims (green). There is also deceased victims who are tagged by Black color. As myself, I learned to use this method more often than the other ones. In EMS school, we had an event called (EMS Olympics). We were divided into teams to perform triage to a mass casualty incident simulated by the school as part of the training we received.

SALT Triage

SALT, which stands for Sort, Assess, Lifesaving interventions, Treatment and/or transport is the four-step process for responders to manage mass casualty incidents. The main idea behind the SALT Triage is to move patient away from the incident as priority. With the SALT system, assessment and lifesaving interventions go hand in hand. In the SALT triage, there is no need to time the radial pulses or to count respirations, only answering simple yes or no questions. For example, if you find that a patient has massive hemorrhage, provide rapid bleeding control with a tourniquet. If a patient’s airway is closed, open it. As SALT is adopted by additional agencies, more EMS providers will find this method is easy to learn system helpful to manage mass casualty incidents of all sizes.

MASS Triage

It is similar to the SALT triage. It main concept is move, assess, sort and send. First, ask the patients to move to a specific location away from the incident. Then, the second part is assessing the remaining patients. To help you identify patients you can ask them to waive for example. Followed by the third step which is sorting patients and categorize them based on the severity of their injuries. Then finally. Sending them to a medical facility appropriate to them.

second one’s answer:

The original concepts of triage were primarily focused on mass casualty situations. Many of the original concepts of triage, the sorting into immediate, urgent, and non-urgent with the use of the holding category in the warfare situation, remain valid today in mass casualty and warfare situations.

With the development of organized medical systems in the western world, the early 1900s saw triage emerging in the emergency departments in the US, UK, and Europe. Triage at this time consisted usually of a brief clinical assessment that determined the time and sequence in which the patient should then be seen by the limited resources, or, if applied in the field, the speed of transport and choice of hospital destination for initial treatment.

Triage is defined as “the sorting of and allocation of treatment to patients and especially battle and disaster victims according to a system of priorities designed to maximize the number of survivors”

The START triage determining if patient could walk, which would triage them as green. If unable to walk, respirations reported less than 30 breaths per minute and systolic blood pressure (BP) greater than 80 mm Hg (correlating with radial pulse or normal cap refill), and patient was following commands, patient will be triaged as yellow. If there is any abnormality in the aforementioned group with respirations, BP, and ability to follow commands, patient will be triaged as red. If patient was apneic, they were triaged as black/expectant

The MASS triage which stands for move, assess, sort and send, is based on asking patient to move to another specified location, assess patients who are not following command, sorting patients on the severity of their injuries, and then send the patients to a specific medical facility.

The SALT triage breaks triage into 2 steps. Sorting is first, in which patients who can walk are assessed last, those who cannot walk but can wave/purposefully respond are assess second, and those patients who are still/unresponsive are immediately seen. Assess and lifesaving treatment is next. Patients are triaged as green if they can obey commands or make purposeful movements, have a peripheral pulse, are not in respiratory distress, do not have a hemorrhage, and only present with minor injuries. This obviously required more interpretation from the chart. Patients are yellow if they meet all of the green criteria, but injuries are not considered minor. If the answer is no to any of the green criteria and the patient is likely to survive given resources (hemorrhage control, chest compressions, auto injector antidotes, and opening airway), then the patient is triaged as red.

Please provide references.