Plant Organelle
Name of Organelle | Found in Plant,
Animal, or Both |
Function |
Cell Wall | Plant | It offers Protection to the cell. It also provides support for the cell and also allows the passage of materials into and out of the cell membraneSave your time - order a paper!Get your paper written from scratch within the tight deadline. Our service is a reliable solution to all your troubles. Place an order on any task and we will take care of it. You won’t have to worry about the quality and deadlines Order Paper Now
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Cell Membrane | Both | It controls the substances that get into and out of the cell due to its selectively permeable nature. It also separates the cell from the external environment hence offering protection
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Cytoplasm | Both | Provides a fluid environment where the cell organelles can float within |
Mitochondrion | Both | It converts molecules of food into energy that can be used by the cell carry out its functions
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Nucleus | Both | The nucleus is the control center of the cell. All the cell activities are directed from here such as metabolism. Furthermore, it also contains chromosomes which carry the genetic information.
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Nucleolus | Both | Its main function is the production of ribosomes
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Nuclear Membrane | Both | Provides protection to the nucleus and also allows materials to move in and out of the nucleus.
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | Both | Offers transportation within the cells and also synthesizes steroids and lipids. |
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | Both | Offers transportation of mainly proteins to other cell organelles and also synthesize proteins
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Chloroplast | Plants | It is essential for photosynthesis, the process by which the sunlight energy is converted into food energy
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Centrosome | Animals | They facilitate the organization of micro tubules within the cell which is significant in the process of cell division.
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Golgi Body | Both | Temporarily stores proteins before releasing them to the rest of the cell organelles as well as outside the cell
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Vacuole | Both | These are organelles that store materials such as sugar and water and at times, waste products.
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Ribosome | Both | Produces proteins |
Central Vacuole | Plant | Stores materials required by the cell such as food
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Cilia | Animal | allow movement of substances over the cells and also receive sensory information for the cell
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Flagellum | Animal | Also allows the movement of substances over the cells.
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Lysosome | Both | Contains chemicals that facilitate the breaking down of materials within the cell such as old and worn out cell organelles.
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Phospholipid Layer
For 1) and 2) in the picture above indicate whether they are hydrophobic or hydrophilic below.
1) Hydrophobic
2) Hydrophilic
DIFFUSION
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—–– – – >
Blood Vessel
Lung
Diffusion of a Solid in a Liquid
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Water Temperature | Start Time | Stop Time | Total Time to Diffuse |
Ice Water | |||
Room Temperature Water | |||
Hot Plate Water |
???Which temperature of water seemed to facilitate diffusion the best? _________Hot Plate Water_____________
OSMOSIS
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Osmosis is a specific type of diffusion. It is the movement of a solvent through a differentially permeable (semipermeable) membrane. Biologically, we are concerned with solutions dissolved in water. When water is mixed with other molecules, this mixture is called a solution. Water is the solvent and the dissolved substance is the solute. In osmosis, we are not interested in what the solute is but only in the solvent (water) that can move across the membrane. Discuss with your instructor the direction of water movement in the figure below.
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- What is the percentage of solute in the left side of the container above? _____50%___________
- What is the percentage of solvent in the left side of the container? _____50%_____________
- What is the percentage of solute in the right side of the container on page 3? ___10%___________
- What is the percentage of solvent in the right side of the container on page 3? ______90%________
- Where is the water in higher concentration – the left or right side? ________Right________
- Draw an arrow to indicate the direction of water movement on the drawing on page 3.
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Effect of Temperature on Osmosis
Temperature | Initial Weight | 5 minutes | 10 minutes | 15 minutes | 20 minutes |
40C | |||||
Room Temp | |||||
Ice Water |
USING LINE GRAPHS, Graph the effect of temperature on the RATE of osmosis (time vs. mass). Be sure to give your graph a title, label both the X and Y axis, and include a legend. Use 3 different colored pencils. Which temperature has the fastest rate of diffusion? _________40 C____________________________
Effect of Concentration on Osmosis
Repeat the construction of the differentially permeable bags as above working in 2 groups. Construct 3 bags consisting of different concentrations of a molasses mixture according to the following specifications:
Bag 1: 25% molasses Bag 2: 50% molasses Bag 3: 75% molasses
Rinse and gently pat dry to measure and record the initial weigh of each bag. To begin the experiment, place each of them in a container of tap water that is at room temperature. Check their weight and fullness at 5-minute intervals for a period of 20 minutes. Record all data below and graph your results (time vs. mass).
Concentration | Initial Weight | 5 minutes | 10 minutes | 15 minutes | 20 minutes |
25% | |||||
50% | |||||
75% |
Which concentration has the fastest rate of diffusion? ___________75%______________
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